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In March 2001, Apple announced its successor to the classic Mac OS user, which was installed on all Macs released between 1984 and 1999. MacOS (first called Mac OS X, then OS X) was based on the NeXTSTEP platform, which Steve Jobs brought to NeXT after his return in 1997 to the company he founded.
Through 16 versions, macOS always contained its official title ‘10’. For example, Mac OS X 10.0 was the first version of macOS to be followed by Mac OS X 10.1. It wasn’t until 2020, when Apple switched to a new number, that told how great a chance this new version of macOS was. Current macOS Big Sur is considered macOS 11.x.
Here is the highlight of each version of macOS from 2001 and why each version was important.
Mac OS X 10.0 (cheetahs)
Cheetah was released on March 24, 2001 for $ 129 and was found to be a flawed solution with few applications from third-party developers.
Despite the Cheetah launch, many Mac users chose to stay with Mac OS 9, the final version of the classic Mac operating system.
The first nine versions of MacOS were named after cats, starting with Cheetah in 2001. Since 2013, on OS X 10.9 Mavericks, new versions of macOS have been named based on California locations.
Highlights: The first version of macOS was the one that introduced the iconic Mac dock and Terminal tool. Prior to this, Mac OS was one of the few operating systems that did not have a command line interface.
Mac OS X 10.1 (Puma)
Just six months after the launch of the cheetah, Apple announced a second version of macOS. Codenamed Puma, OS X 10.1 offered performance improvements, improved AppleScript, DVD playback support, and more.
Also priced at $ 129, however, the Puma was free to cheetah owners. In January 2002, Apple announced the inevitable: Mac OS X would become the default operating system for all Mac products, replacing Mac OS 9.
Mac OS X 10.2 (Jaguar)
Announced 11 months after Puma, the Mac OS X Jaguar (a $ 129 paid upgrade) arrived in August 2002. The third version of MacOS was the first to use a code name in its advertising. The update provided MPEG-3 support in QuickTime and added an address book. Search features were also added to the Mac Finder.
Mac OS X Jaguar was Apple’s first operating system in 18 years and didn’t include Happy Mac at startup.
Mac OS X 10.3 (Panther)
In 2003, Apple announced the Mac OS 10.3 Panther. Thanks to improved performance and extensive UI updates, Panther was packed with new features. These included fast user switching, Expose, FileVault, Font Book, Safari, iChat, enhanced PDF rendering, and more.
As in previous versions, Panther was $ 129 per license.
Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger)
Apple did not release a new version of Mac OS X until Tiger arrived on April 29, 2005. With more than 200 new features, the Mac OS X 10.4 update offered Spotlight, Dashboard, and Smart Folders for the first time. It also included significant updates to QuickTime, Safari, Automator, and more.
Tiger was the first version of Mac OS X offered at the time for all-new Intel-based Macs. However, that version did not include the Classic Mac for the first time.
Cupertino again charged $ 129 for the upgrade.
Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard)
The $ 129 Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard was released 17 months after Tiger. Called “the biggest Mac OS X update to date,” Leopard introduced 300 new features for both PowerPC and Intel-based Macs.
New features included Time Machine, Spaces and Boot Camp pre-installed. Mail and iChat also received significant updates.
Leopard was the first version of macOS that did not include or support the Classic Mac, and the last to run on PowerPC.
Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard)
The first version of macOS to focus on the changes under the Hood, Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard, was launched in 2009. It included faster Time Machine backups and a more responsive Finder. Version 10.6.6 was the first to support the Mac App Store.
For the first time, Apple lowered the price of the macOS version. Snow Leopard was $ 29 per license.
Mac OS X 10.7 (lion)
It was July 2011 when Apple announced Mac OS X 10.7 Lion. It increased the use of multi-touch gestures and introduced the LaunchPad. New Mission Control combination of Exposé, Spaces and Dashboard.
The $ 30 Lions upgrade would be the latest version of “Mac” OS X.
Mac OS X 10.8 (Mountain Lion)
OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion was released in July 2012. From now on, Apple released a new version of macOS every year instead of becoming a two-year cycle. The update brought out some features that were first introduced on the iPhone with iOS 5, including Game Center, iMessage, and Reminders.
Mountain Lion was the first version of macOS to be distributed through the Mac App Store, and the last to require a fee ($ 20). It was also the last version of ‘cats’.
OS X 10.9 Mavericks
Apple announced the first version of macOS based on Kalosia location in October 2013. OS X 10.9 Mavericks was a free upgrade for anyone using Snow Leopard or later with a 64-bit Intel processor.
Mavericks brought Maps and iBooks (now books) to the Mac for the first time and presented improvements to the Notification Center.
OS X 10.10 Yosemite
In October 2014, OS X 10.10 Yosemite was released. The update had a smaller, text-based flat design. The update replaced iPhoto and Aperture with Photos, while Handoff debuted.
OS X 10.11 El Capitan
Launched in September 2015, OS X 10.11 El Capitan was the latest version of OS X. It largely improved system performance with a few changes from the outside.
El Capitan arrived with the Metal API, which accelerated graphics performance and provided updates to the Notes application. It was also the first version of macOS to offer editing extensions in the Images app.
macOS 10.12 Sierra
The first official version of macOS, macOS 10.12 Sierra, launched in September 2016. It included the introduction of Siri for the first time on a Mac, and also included optimized storage and updates to Photos, Messaging, and iTunes.
Sierra is the first version of macOS to support Apple’s file system.
macOS 10.13 High Sierra
Introduced in September 2017, macOS 10.13 High Sierra brought new updates to Photos and Safari. However, most of the changes took place below, including performance improvements and technical upgrades.
macOS 10.14 Mojave
Apple macOS 10.14 Mojave (2017) welcomed apps that were exclusive to iOS, including Apple News, Voice Memos, and Home. In addition, Mojave was the first version of macOS to have a more comprehensive dark space.
The update also removed integration with Facebook, Twitter, Vimeo and Flickr. Mojave was also the latest version of macOS to support 32-bit application software.
macOS 10.15 Catalina
MacOS Big Sur’s predecessor, macOS 10.15 Catalina officially arrived in October 2019. The update first included Activation Lock and the latest version of macOS 10.x.
Catalina is the first Mac update to bring Catalyst online so developers can write apps that can run on both macOS and iPadOS. The sidecar was also new, allowing the Mac to use the iPad as a wireless external monitor.
One of the biggest changes in MacOS history Catalina uninstalled iTunes. Instead, you will now find three separate apps, Music, Podcasts and TV.
macOS 11 Big Sur
The latest version of macOS ushered in a new era for the Mac when it arrived in November 2020. Big Sur will bring perhaps the most changes to the Mac in a generation with new icons in the new interface.
Thanks to the new control center and notification center, Big Sur will be the first to support Apple’s silicon and, for a long time, iOS and iPadOS apps.
Updated apps include Safari, Messages, Notes, Photos, and more.
macOS 12 ???
The next version of MacOS is expected to be released in June 2021 and a public release date in the fall of 2021. Stay tuned.
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